Acute Abdominal Pain
Acute abdominal pain is the most common cause in surgical OPD in India. Acute abdomen is a condition that demands urgent attention and treatment. The acute abdomen may be caused by an infection, inflammation, vascular occlusion, or obstruction. The patient will usually present with sudden onset of abdominal pain with associated nausea or vomiting.
Laparoscopic Surgery
Laparoscopy is an operation performed in the abdomen or pelvis using small incisions (usually 0.5–1.5 cm) with the aid of a camera. Laparoscopic surgery, also called minimally invasive surgery (MIS), band-aid surgery, or keyhole surgery, is a modern surgical technique. There are number of advantages to the patient with laparoscopic surgery versus an exploratory laparotomy. These include reduced pain due to smaller incisions, reduced haemorrhage and shorter recovery time. The key element is the use of a laparoscope, a long fibre-optic cable system that allows viewing of the affected area by snaking the cable from a more distant, but more easily accessible location.
Hernia
A hernia occurs when an internal organ or other body part protrudes through the wall of muscle or tissue that normally contains it. Most hernias occur within the abdominal cavity, between the chest and the hips.
The most common forms of hernia are inguinal, femoral, umbilical, incisional, epigastric, diaphragmatic hernia. Inguinal and femoral hernias are due to weakened muscles that may have been present since birth or are associated with aging and repeated strains on the abdominal and groin areas. Such strain may come from physical exertion, obesity, pregnancy, frequent coughing, or straining on the toilet due to constipation.
